API 使用示例（Node & Py）

本章节展示如何在 Node.js（Express）与 Python（Flask）中实现 RESTful API 的五大核心方法：GET、POST、PUT、PATCH、DELETE。

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📦 GET 请求

Node.js (Express)

const express = require("express");
const app = express();

app.get("/users/:id", (req, res) => {
  const userId = req.params.id;
  res.json({ id: userId, name: "Alice" });
});

Python (Flask)

from flask import Flask, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_user(user_id):
    return jsonify({ 'id': user_id, 'name': 'Alice' })

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✍️ POST 请求

Node.js

app.use(express.json());

app.post("/users", (req, res) => {
  const newUser = req.body;
  res.status(201).json(newUser);
});

Python

from flask import request

@app.route('/users', methods=['POST'])
def create_user():
    data = request.json
    return jsonify(data), 201

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🔄 PUT 请求（更新整个资源）

Node.js

app.put("/users/:id", (req, res) => {
  const id = req.params.id;
  const updatedData = req.body;
  res.json({ id, ...updatedData });
});

Python

@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>', methods=['PUT'])
def update_user(user_id):
    data = request.json
    return jsonify({ 'id': user_id, **data })

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🛠 PATCH 请求（局部更新）

Node.js

app.patch("/users/:id", (req, res) => {
  const id = req.params.id;
  const patchData = req.body;
  res.json({ id, ...patchData });
});

Python

@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>', methods=['PATCH'])
def patch_user(user_id):
    data = request.json
    return jsonify({ 'id': user_id, **data })

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🗑 DELETE 请求

Node.js

app.delete("/users/:id", (req, res) => {
  const id = req.params.id;
  res.status(204).send();
});

Python

@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>', methods=['DELETE'])
def delete_user(user_id):
    return '', 204

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🧪 使用 curl 调用测试

curl -X GET http://localhost:3000/users/1
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"name":"Bob"}' http://localhost:3000/users

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📚 推荐扩展

• Express 官方文档：https://expressjs.com/
• Flask 官方文档：https://flask.palletsprojects.com/

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